Niccolo Machiavelli Essays - Italian Politicians, Machiavellianism

Niccolo Machiavelli Machiavelli composed this book, The Prince,which is tied in with becomming a political pioneer from instances of his own life. Niccolo Machiavelli lived from 1469 to 1527, saw what we currently consider the stature of the Italian Renaissance-a period that created a few of Italy's most noteworthy accomplishments in expressions of the human experience and sciences, however that likewise created loathsome embarrassments and the foundation of outside control over the promontory. Raised while individuals from the incredible Medici family were experts of Florence, he considered the works of art and figured out how to peruse and write in Latin. He likewise demonstrated a distinct fascination for, and the capacity to gain from, his general surroundings. He was an ambassador, an understudy of history, and an author of parody, and his sharp and remarkable bits of knowledge changed the substance of political science until the end of time. Machiavelli was conceived in Florence on May 3, 1469. We initially know about him playing a functioning job in the undertakings of his local city in 1498, when the administration commanded by Girolamo Savonarola, the Dominican monk whose strict perspectives had affected Florence for the previous four years, tumbled from power. In this way, the post was left empty, however after a brief pause the generally secret name of Niccolo Machiavelli was set forward as a potential substitution. He was just twenty-nine years of age at that point and obviously had no past regulatory experience. His assignment was affirmed, nonetheless, and he was named second chancellor of the Florentine Republic. It was an tremendous chance, and the encounters and bits of knowledge he would pick up in the post would be utilized later recorded as a hard copy The Prince. At the time Machiavelli entered open assistance, there were at that point settled principles for filling major managerial situations in Florentine government. Notwithstanding displaying discretionary expertise, government workers were relied upon to show skill in the sympathetic orders. These controls had been gotten from antiquated Roman sources particularly from the speaker and legislator Cicero, who had composed about the requirement for formal investigation of Latin, way of talking, history, moral way of thinking, and legislative issues to set up an understudy for proficient support of the network. Eventually, they were the predecessor of the humanities, or aesthetic sciences educational plan in contemporary instruction. The fame of the humanistic standards in Florentine government help clarify how Machiavelli came to be named to a mindful government post at such an early age. His family, however neither rich nor blue-blooded, were firmly aligned with the city's driving humanists. Machiavelli's dad, Bernardo, a legal counselor, had associate with a few recognized humanist researchers. As indicated by his dad's journal, Machiavelli started formal training at seven years old, which incorporated the investigation of Latin, the language that was the identification to the universe of humanistic learning. When Machiavelli was twelve he had moved on from elementary school and was joined up with private classes. Afterward, he was acknowledged at the University of Florence, where he got preparing in the humanities, writing, and sciences from Marcello Adriani, who succeeded Scala as first chancellor of Florence. During the following fourteen years, Machiavelli was sent on various strategic missions to France, Switzerland, and Germany. His perceptions abroad brought about numerous of the thoughts that structure the reason for the significant proclamations found in his political works. In The Prince, for instance, Machiavelli remarks finally on Germany's very much braced urban areas and assesses the feeble initiative of the French lord, Louis XII. History Reports

Video game industry analysis Essay Example for Free

Assignment about ethics Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

About morals - Assignment Example Framework 1 reasoning is described by an oblivious and programmed perspective. This framework has the general insight that happens both in individuals and in creatures, an angle that is viewed as developmental. Framework one reasoning is involved subsystems that work inseparably inside a similar self-rule. Framework 1 reasoning is answerable for instinctual practices that are customized intrinsically. This framework takes care of issues through the reliance of earlier data that is related with the framework including programmed, all encompassing and quick intellectual capacity (Kaufman and Singer, 2012). Framework 2 is ongoing contrasted with framework 1. This framework is normal for individuals as it were. This framework is additionally comprehended as the unequivocal and rule-based framework. It is moderate, consecutive, and area general and is acted in the focal memory framework. Framework 2 permits theoretical speculative reasoning that doesn't occur in framework 1. This framework capacities with respect to consistent norms and is rule based, requesting, explanatory and controlled of intellectual limit (Kaufman and Singer, 2012). The sort of individual moral critical thinking that occurs in business and associations includes the use of framework 1 and framework 2 reasoning. The utilization of intuitive data must be utilized at that point settling on a moral choice. It likewise includes a comprehensive methodology that will include taking a gander at the reasons for the moral issue and going towards the distinguishing proof of an answer. Framework 2 is additionally critical in light of the fact that moral critical thinking in a business or an association must be made utilizing rationale and thinking. This occurs as in one needs to thoroughly consider a moral situation or issue and experience certain procedures that include recognizable proof, positioning, building up an activity plan, actualizing it and thinking about its prosperity. A case of a framework 1 reaction to a moral difficulty in business is when

Critique of the article Overpopulation threatens the environment Essay

Scrutinize of the article Overpopulation undermines the earth - Essay Example The creator brings to fore a grave issue that faces the cutting edge world today, by observing it in an alternate point of view. He focuses to the way that so as to continue the earth, individuals need to control the birthrates and make prompt move with the goal that nature is ensured for every single living being, including people to endure. As per him, the best way to accomplish this goal is to shun creating more kids and he considers vasectomy as an honorable strategic the cutting edge man, even with the present circumstance. The article, distributed in the Opposing Viewpoints Series by Green Haven Press, manages the issue that over populace of the earth by the human species has a great deal of â€Å"far-coming to and overwhelmingly dangerous effects on numerous other creature and plant species† (Cascadia 22). The creator guarantees that overpopulation devastates biodiversity on earth to such a degree, that it will get incomprehensible for life to continue on the planet ove r the long haul. The creator additionally contends that â€Å"The whole history of humankind is one of ecological pulverization and the annihilation of other species† (Cascadia 22). ... Human infringement of the earth, and the critical outcomes that anticipate them due to over abuse of the assets, stays a subject of drawing in banters over the globe. In this situation, Cascadia endeavors to reemphasize this worry, in an offer to make his crowd take perception of the issue. The creator utilizes the proficiency gadgets of logos, emotion, ethos and consistent deceptions just as factual information, to put his point convincingly across to his crowd. The title itself, basic and exact, imparts the quintessence of the exposition straightforwardly to the perusers. The creator at that point presents the theme, alluding to the effect of overpopulation and its exponential development, by alluding to the information of births and passings. In any significant setback such the Asian Tsunami or 9/11, the loss of life is considerably less than the birthrate in a day. By refering to insights, for example, this, the writer represents a rationale that controlling birth rate is a criti cal worry for people so as to ensure the condition whose assets are as of now over expended. The very rationale of the circumstance adequately persuades the perusers of the paper about the gravity of the circumstance. Cascadia requests to the feelings of his crowd by alluding to authentic setting of human relocation to various scenes. By explicitly refering to the case of the â€Å"extinction of mega fauna† in North America as an outcome of human flood in the territory more than 10,000 years prior, the creator deftly shows the effect over the top human focus can have on nature. Once more, the author’s skill in sending the scholarly components of sentiment and talk becomes obvious when he alludes to the model

Essay --

Presentation Albeit enticing, fast weight reduction that is not observed by a specialist can have genuine outcomes. Notwithstanding drying out, healthful inadequacies, heart issues, and creating gallstones and overtraining condition, the radical estimates required to shed pounds quick are difficult to keep up. MayoClinic.com states that quick weight reduction is regularly recovered brisk, and will in general be water weight and muscle tissue, not fat. They suggest losing close to 2 pounds every week. (See References 1, 2 and 3) The amount, How Fast Quick weight reduction at the master suggested pace of 2 pounds per week, necessitates that you aggregate a day by day shortfall of 1,000 calories. Following multi week, this means 7,000 calories, and since there are 3,500 calories in 1 pound of fat, you will shed 2 pounds. This implies you can lose 10 to 15 pounds in around 5 to 7 weeks, plus or minus a couple of days. Progressive weight reduction at a pace of 2 pounds seven days gives you an opportunity to become acclimated to the way of life transforms you're making, which ought to relate to consume less calories and exercise. (See References 1) Compelling Dietary Changes Lessening...

How to Search For Sources For Argumentative Essay Topics for Middle School Students

How to Search For Sources For Argumentative Essay Topics for Middle School StudentsArgumentative essay topics for middle school students are not always easy to come up with. They are also the topics that students are asked to research for the assignment. Because students are instructed to find sources that support their opinions, it's very important to know where and how to get them. Unfortunately, many middle school students do not realize that they can just ask someone who's already writing on the topic for answers.However, it's extremely important to get sources that are solid and reliable. When doing research for essays, it's important to be cautious. Some sources may be legitimate, but some of them may not be. By approaching the question from a different angle, this will give you an opportunity to get sources that will allow you to produce high quality essays.Another method to consider when finding sources for argumentative essay topics for middle school students is to simply as k your instructor. You can ask your English teacher, your counselor, or even your science teacher. They will usually be happy to lend a hand. Sometimes they'll even provide you with relevant information that you didn't have access to before.However, you should be aware that some middle school students are shy about asking others for information. They're afraid that they won't be believed. They may also think that if they asked an adult, they might be seen as childish. When searching for sources, it's important to be patient and to be persistent.Even though the process of locating good sources for argumentative essay topics for middle school students may seem tedious, it can be done. You can even get some ideas for sources for free. If you search online, you'll find that there are forums full of writers who are willing to share and discuss their stories.Many of these discussion forums contain hundreds of thousands of posts. You can use these forums to locate specific writers whose wo rk you may be interested in. If you're writing a scholarly essay, you can also find writers who specialize in persuasive arguments. With this type of resource, you can pinpoint specific arguments to explore further.In addition to utilizing discussion forums, another way to locate sources for argumentative essay topics for middle school students is to consult a high school or college authors. Authors that have written on similar topics often give valuable insight into finding sources. If you're looking for specific writers, you'll want to use a search engine.Remember that you don't have to spend a lot of time researching when searching for sources for argumentative essay topics for middle school students. You can just write down a few tips and ask around. You can take advice from individuals that have already written successful essays. This will not only give you more knowledge about writing arguments, but it will also give you more inspiration for your own essay.

The Presence of Christ in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest - Literature Essay Samples

R.P. McMurphy is not an average mental patient stuck on a ward at an institution. In fact, McMurphy is one of the most unique patients the ward in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest has ever seen. While most of the men on the ward committed themselves, McMurphy opted to be placed in the institution in lieu of fulfilling his sentence to spend time on a work farm. McMurphy is a burly man, with remarkable confidence. The other men idolize him and fear him all from the very first moment that they spend in his presence. At the beginning of the book, McMurphy toys with Big Nurse and the other staff at the hospital. He figures he might as well have some fun with them, since he is under the mistaken impression that he has only x number of days until he is released. Soon, however, he comes to realize that he is at Big Nurses mercy if he ever wants to be free again. Prior to this realization he was an inspiration, someone that others were in awe of and attempted to emulate. When McMurphy realizes that he is destroying his own chance to be free and continues down this path anyway, he effectively becomes the savior of the ward. Like Christs decision to die for the sins of man, McMurphy gives himself up for the freedom of the other men on the ward. On several occasions throughout the book, the similarities between McMurphy and Christ are revealed through McMurphys interactions with the other men in the ward. For example, when McMurphy takes Chief by the hand and tells him that he will make him whole again, the scenes imagery alone serves as a reference to Christ. McMurphy makes Chief, a Native American with a broken spirit and rampant insecurities, his project, embodying all who need to be saved. At one point, McMurphy grips Chief by the hand and Chief, deluded though he may be, feels that McMurphys blood is pumping directly into his own arm. It seems to Chief like McMurphy is literally giving up his own blood to make him whole again. Later in the book, another example of McMurphys Christ-like behavior in the presence of Chief occurs when Chief is admiring McMurphys arms, commenting on the fact that they are similar to how his own were when he played football as a young man. Chief is in awe of McMurphy, and thinks, I ought to touch him to see if hes still alive. Once again, this is a scene in which McMurphys character is heavily influenced by Christ. Chief comments on the similarity between McMurphys arms and his own, recalling how Christ was created in the likeness of man. People are encouraged to see Christ in themselves and in each other: He was brought into this world a mere mortal so that He could spread The Word in a way mankind could easily relate to. McMurphy is just a man, like any of his friends on the ward. At another point in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, Chief emulates the doubting Thomas reaction to the resurrection of Christ. He feels that he must be in physical contact with McMurphy in order to believe in him; this recalls Thomas need to place his hand in Christs wounds to feel for himself that the holes are real. McMurphys cross is not an easy one to bear: although he is not wholly accepting of his fate, he is aware of it. He knows that if he continues on as he has thus far, he will become the primary focus of Big Nurse. The men will be free to witness his strength and her weakness, and will therefore grow as men and as people, free to take pride in their lives. Each time he is called in for shock treatments he pale[s] and dread flicker[s] across his face. In this moment, he is saying in his own way that if this is what needs to be done for them then so be it, but I wish that wasnt the case.Before he was betrayed by Judas, Christ went to the Garden of Gethsemane, where he fell to his knees and prayed to God to allow him to avoid the death he knew was forthcoming:O My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from Me; nevertheless, not as I will, but as You will. O My Father, if this cup cannot pass away from Me unless I drink it, Your will be done.Like Christ, McMurphy knows what has to be done, but does not necessarily want to go forward to do it. McMurphy has not had a particularly enjoyable path in life: Christ was forced to carry a cross and wear a crown of thorns, and McMurphy has endured hours of shock treatment and a lobotomy. Both of these men save others by enduring unthinkable torture.The deaths of Christ and McMurphy are also more similar than one might initially think. When Christ died, he set mankind free. Many believe that Christs death will allow mankind to enjoy eternal life. His death was a gift for the world, but release from the torment he endured was a gift to Him, as well. McMurphys death is a gift for him, because he will not spend the rest of his life as a puppet for Big Nurse. It is also a gift for the other men on the ward, because McMurphy dies trying to show them the best way to live.The correlations between Christ and McMurphy abound throughout One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest. Throughout the novel, Kesey references this connection through numerous images, events, and interactions. McMurphy frequently proves himself worthy of his status as a savior. In the end, he truly does set the men on the ward free, granting them life just as Christ did for all mankind.

Civil War And A Revolution - 1196 Words

According to the UN, the death toll in Syria almost reached two hundred thousand over the last three and a half years, and the number of displaced Syrians reached 9.5 million. Because of the complexity of the situation, a lot of people don’t even know exactly what is happening over there. The first thing that might pop into one’s mind is that a civil war is going on there. On the other hand, others argue that it is a revolution against oppression that has been brutally responded to. Evaluating the situation in Syria requires solid understanding of specific terms of a civil war and a revolution. Also, is there a general consensus on what a civil war or a revolution is? Can the situation in Syria simply be classified into one of these two? The first important thing to know is that there is no single definition of a civil war that historians or political scientists have agreed upon. However, a commonly used definition to judge a situation is that of the correlate of war project, which explains a civil war as a sustained military combat, primarily internal, resulting in at least 1,000 battle-deaths per year, in which government forces are in conflict with a revolting force capable of effective resistance, determined by the latter s ability to inflict upon the government forces at least 5% of the fatalities that the insurgents sustain. Under this classification, there have been 53 civil wars from 1946 to 1992 (Civil War in the Post-Colonial World 1946-92). Other Definitions areShow MoreRelatedThe American Revolution And The Civil War1567 Words   |  7 Pageseyes of most, the American Revolution was a momentous event that shaped not only what would now be the America we know today but the whole world as well. However, this event had ramifications that affected the history of America for many years to come. In fact, many of those same ramifications led to what we know as the American Civil War. While it may be difficult to distinguish whether or not the Civil War was an inevitable consequence of the American Revolution due to lack of correlatingRead MoreThe American Revolution And The Civil War956 Words   |  4 Pagesin my religion class and there is a lot I want to share with you. Between the American Revolution in 1776 and the Civil War in 1840 a lot changed in American religion. There are three major religious movements during that time period I would love to tell you about, they are, the birth Shakers and the Pleasant Hill Community, the birth of Mormons with Joseph Smith, and the story of â€Å"How the American Revolution Agreed to Differ over Religion†. I hope you find these topics as important and interestingRead MoreThe Civil War And American Revolution1356 Words   |  6 PagesMost people know it as the Civil War, but it ought to be best known as The Confederate States of America, home to the 13 colonies from the Civil War and American Revolution. The Confederate States of America originally started out with 11 states in 1860 and on July 15, 1870 Georgia was the last Confederate state; when they were operating under the Articles of Confederation, providing guns to militias. The founder found out the Constitution was too weak and decided to adopt the US Constitution toRead MoreThe American Revolution And The Civil War Essay1757 Words   |  8 Pagesimminent threats from both other countries and our own country. The rejection of human rights is a crucial action which can result in a gruesome long term conflict. War is said to be inevitable by many but the study of why some of the most notable battles in history began is even more fascinating; moreover, The American Revolution and The Civil War are two of the most notorious events in American history thus it is necessary to realize just how influential and connected they are to one another. What is moreRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Civil War2964 Words   |  12 PagesFrench Revolution is the civil war that took place throughout France between July 14, 1789 and July 28th, 1794. T he word â€Å"civil war† did not mean only the bourgeois revolution. It included a broader sense than only bourgeois, because it was a whole national revolution for all the people to establish himself as free man, and to hold equal right. The origin of French Revolution are complex (584). There are involve so many connected factors such as political, economic, social, and ideological reasonsRead MoreWas the Civil War actually a Civil War? Was the Revolution actually a Revolution?2010 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ The American Revolution and the American Civil War are two of the most monumental events in the history of the United States of America. However, their characterization as a â€Å"revolution† and a â€Å"civil war† has been argued for many years. It has been argued that the American Revolution was not a true revolution, but a civil war, and that the American Civil War was not a civil war but rather America’s time of revolution. Some aspects of the American Revolution support the argument that it was aRead MoreThe American Revolution And The Civil War Essay964 Words   |  4 PagesFrom before the American Revolution to the conclusion of the Civil War African slaves had been enslaved against their will. They were taken from their homeland in Africa and brought to the colonies. Once they arrived to the colonies, they were sold to slave masters to work in the slave masters’ field, most of the time picking cotton. During the selling and buying selling process of slaves, many families were often split up. Slaves typically were sold for about $2,000. $40,000 in today’s dollars.Read MoreThe Iranian Revolution And English Civil War1238 Words   |  5 PagesInvestigation Although occurring at very different times throughout history, looking back today the Iranian Revolution and English Civil War were very much alike. Both revolutions had a lot to do with the leaders of the time and both immediately resulted in turmoil. The Iranian revolution and English Civil war had similar causes however the English Civil War was more successful in ensuring lasting democracy. Firstly, Mohammed Reza Shah Pahlavi was the extremely isolated leader of Iran who was extremelyRead MoreThe American Revolution, Or First Civil War?997 Words   |  4 PagesJoseph Anhalt Duce Class Title 25 March 2015 The American Revolution, or first civil war? The American Revolution was a Civil War, at first. One outstanding reason for this is that the colonies at the time were still recognized as a part of the british empire. Being apart of the british empire would there endow us with being from the same nation, maki9ng the act of war upon ourselves at the time a Civil war.The combatants of this war were The Loyalist, the ones who chose to stay with the britishRead MoreIndustrial Revolution After The Civil War956 Words   |  4 Pages The Inusterial Revolution after the Civil War Between 18-19th centuries after the Civil War, a chain of events occurred that brought about several changes in the way that people lived and worked in the United States.This period ranges from the time when cities started growing rapidly because human hand labor was drastically changed to machine labor. These events started the American Industrial Revolution, which later affected African American socially, economically and politically. However, many

Social Disorganization And The Impact On Crime Essay

In this paper, I will examine social disorganization and the impact it has on crime. I will also look at the way this theory ties into real life scenarios. The purpose in doing so is to find ways to reduce crime. In order to reduce crime policy proposals must be set in place. Those will include neighborhood sweeps both cleaning up and felon sweeps, community programs, and focusing more on those that do not have a record and those that already do. Social disorganization is the idea that place matters when analyzing a neighborhood’s ecological characteristics. This means where a person lives is a substantial factor that shapes the likelihood of someone becoming involved in illegal activities. For example, this theory suggests, youths living in disadvantaged neighborhoods will be more likely to participate in a delinquent subculture than those that do not live in a disadvantaged neighborhood. This subculture approves of delinquency causing youths to acquire criminal behavior involved in social and cultural settings. Neighborhoods with physical dilapidation, poverty, and high levels of ethnic and cultural mixing will be more prone to these youths. Social disorganization is defined by those that are not able to reach goals that have been set by themselves or those set by others (Bursik, 1988). Shaw and McKay traced social disorganization to conditions that were local to the urban area. These areas were the only places that allowed for people who had recently become poor toShow MoreRelatedEssay about Social Disorginization theory 1296 Words   |  6 Pagesthat researches begin to think differently about crime. Cullen and Agnew (2011) stated that the researchers began to think that the understanding of crime may not be found in the studying of an individual criminal traits but the study of the traits of the environment in which a criminal lives and interacts. According to Cullen and Agnew (2011) this led to a question in which researchers thought a possible solution of controlling and explain crime would be found in changing environments and neighborhoodsRead MoreSocial Disorganization Theory By The Chicago School1191 Words    |  5 Pages The theory that I found most illuminating in sociology is the social disorganization theory because is amongst the most imperative theories developed by the Chicago School, identified with ecological theories. The theory straightforwardly connects crime rates to neighbourhood ecological characteristics which a center standard of social disorganization theory is that place matters. In different words, an individual s private area is a significant component shaping the probability that that individualRead MoreThe Theory of Social Disorganization701 Words   |  3 PagesSocial Disorganization Summary paper Social disorganization refers to the failure of group members to collaborate and accomplish objectives or tackle issues. Social disorganization normally alludes to a group or society described by the absence of social control. This brings about an absence of an effective functioning integration between personal maladjustment, conflicting social attitudes, and conflicting interests among group members (Goode, 2008). Criminologists and social researchers focusRead MoreTheories on Crime1253 Words   |  5 PagesTheories on Crime: The field of criminology is basically described as the study of crime through which the causes, prevention, and correction of offenses are examined. While this process can be extremely difficult, especially for students, the analysis of the causes of crime is significant to sociology and criminology. The difficulties associated with the study of crime originate from the numerous challenges in developing theories that explain human behavior. In relation to crime, human behaviorRead MoreThe Theory Of Social Disorganization Theory Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pagesat committing crimes than those who do not. There are many possible factors and reasons as to why people who live in poverty can commit more crimes that those who do not and this essay will attempt to explain that. The independent variable for this argument would be the poverty that individuals have to endure and live through, while the dependent variables are crime rates in that neighborhood. Although various theories can be used in order to explain the link between poverty and crime, the one thatRead MorePossible Changes in a Review on Personal Criminological Theory651 Words   |  3 Pagesof a definition for social disorganization theory, based on its importance within the body of the paper. The last sentence has a grammatical error in that the list is separated with semicolons and not commas. It should be as follows: In this paper you will read about the explanation of crime occurrence and why people commit crimes, variables to be considered, the assumptions social disorganization theory is based on, and the methodologies used to evaluate social disorganization theory Introduction Read MoreJuvenile Delinquency And Urban Areas1557 Words   |  7 Pagesaimed to explain crime in urban communities using social disorganization theory. Elliot and Merrill (1934) define social disorganization as â€Å"a breakdown in the equilibrium of forces, a decay in the social structure, so that old habits and forms of social control no longer function effectively† (p.20). Using this definition and the ecological approach, Shaw and McKay argue that low economic status, ethnic heterogeneity, and residential mobility led to the disruption of community social organization (ShawRead MoreRap Music And Its Effects On America1649 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom social disorganization to differential association pose an explanation on why rap negatively affects black teens. The presences of criminological theory can also be found within lyrics of many rap songs demonstrating its negative effect on its listeners. A theory that has been presented to rationalize why people ac t the way they do when listening to rap and how to come up with ways to prevent the influence from occurring in the first place is social disorganization. Social disorganization is aRead MoreCorrelation Between The Locations Of Known Gang Members And Drug Violations1557 Words   |  7 Pageslocations of known gang members and drug violations? Analysis It is expected, based on social disorganization theory, that census tracts with high concentrations of gang members will also be high in disorganization. As seen in figure 1 this will be established by creating a contour line hot spot of gang member locations and drug violations overlaid on a map showing social disorganization. Social disorganization will be based on low education levels and high unemployment rates, which are generallyRead MoreSocial And Social Learning Theory1553 Words   |  7 PagesThe Social Learning Theory is best defined as crime is learned through associations with others who commit crimes. Juveniles are very impressionable or gullible, wherein they want to be popular or part of the in-crowd or clique. In comparison to the 1970’s versus today, juveniles are emulating criminals depicted on television not just through associations. Consider the current state of technology, specifically the internet and websites such as â€Å"You Tube.† With respe ct to crime and juvenile delinquents

Elizabeth City State University And Saint Augustine s...

Elizabeth City State University and Saint Augustine’s University both have good Sociology Programs. Elizabeth City’s mission is to promote economic, social, and environmental progress for the people of northeastern North Carolina, the state, and the nation. Saint Augustine’s mission is to sustain a learning community in which students can prepare academically, socially and spiritually for leadership in a complex, diverse and rapidly changing world. Elizabeth City State University and Saint Augustine’s University are two colleges that share similarities and have differences when it comes to tuition, graduation rates and organizations that are offered on campus. Elizabeth City State University was founded in 1891. Elizabeth City is a comprehensive public university. The campus is 90 acres and is located in Elizabeth City State University. Saint Augustine’s University was founded in 1867 and is a private university. Saint Augustine’s University it is a church affiliated historically black college. Saint Augustine’s Campus is 110 acres and is located in Raleigh. Saint Augustine has a college chapel that is a county historic site. Both schools offer a variety of programs. Elizabeth City State University and Saint Augustine’s are both accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges (SACSCOC). The Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges is the regional accrediting body in the 11 U.S. Southern states (Alabama,Show MoreRelated The Protestant Reformation Essays3075 Words   |  13 Pagesthe church had dealt with similar challenges before. In the 1500’s a new series of attacks on the church’s authority had started to destroy Christianity creating both political and cultural consequences. At the center of the changes happening in Germany was Martin Luther who lived between 1483 and 1546. His life began simply enough. His father was a merchant and his grandfather was a peasant. Luther originally went to university to become a lawyer, when he had, â€Å"the calling† to become a not-so-humbleRead MoreThe Reformation Essay2676 Words   |  11 Pagesdemanded the freedom to educate their children in their own way. The desire for greater religious freedom was contributed to the separation of church and state. This argument of the separation of church and state has been going on for quite some time. Early efforts to reform the church started in the 1300s at Oxford University. John Wycliff stirred up controversy in teaching the freedom of religious conscience of the individual believer, who stood in faith directly before God in 1370Read MoreThe Day Of One Of The Church s Greatest Saints2573 Words   |  11 PagesJune 22nd is the feast day of one of the Church’s greatest saints, Thomas More. St. Thomas More was one of the most gifted men of his day; he was a devout Catholic, brilliant scholar, writer, lawyer, accomplished musician, and loving father. In addition to his many talents, his popular image is one of a man, principled, steadfast, courageous, who placed his own conscience above his king’s demands. It was in London that Thomas More was born on 7 February 1477, the only surviving son of John MoreRead MoreEssay about The Roanoke Colony3826 Words   |  16 Pagesall of London was abuzz with chat of the New World’s wonders.Queen Elizabeth, impressed with the results of the reconnaissance voyage, knighted Raleigh as a reward. The new ground was named â€Å"Virginia† in respect of the Virgin Queen, and the next year, Raleigh sent a gathering of 100 militia, miners and scientists to Roanoke Island. It was a late 16th century attempt for England to establish a permanent settlement. Queen Elizabeth 1 was queen at the time. The attempt was put together and financedRead MoreA World Lit Only by Fire Outline Essay8153 Words   |  33 Pagescontrad- icted each other. b. They also found that Genesis implies multiple gods. i. Saint Bernard of Clairvaux said that gathering knowledge was pagan and unholy, unless it was â€Å"sanctified by a holy mission.† c. Christians were often blamed for the fall of Rome. C. Aurelius Augustinus (Saint Augustine)-Bishop of Hippo, Catholic prelate 1. Wrote De civitate Dei (The City of God) a. Wrote that Rome was being punished not for the new Christian religion, but forRead MoreMandinka Empire21578 Words   |  87 PagesSouth, are every bit as significant as the linguistic infusions of the Norman Conquest into what became English. Long before studying the Mandinka as an anthropologist in west Africa, I was exposed to their legacy in the United States through my contact with the Gullah of Saint Simons Island, Georgia, my home town. The correlation between a white minority and the Mandification of the 1 See Djinns, Stars and Warriors, Mandinka Legends from Pakao, Senegal, published by Brill Press in 2003, containingRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesupdated: April 26, 2016 Logical Reasoning Bradley H. Dowden Philosophy Department California State University Sacramento Sacramento, CA 95819 USA ii iii Preface Copyright  © 2011-14 by Bradley H. Dowden This book Logical Reasoning by Bradley H. Dowden is licensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. That is, you are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions:

It Use to Be Green Once free essay sample

It use to be green once. Patricia grace Short story Explain why you learned something from this relationship in the text(s) In the Short story It Use To Be Green Once by Patricia Grace is a short story that I enjoyed toughly not just because it was a story I could relate to , but impractically because of the mother in the short story. I enjoyed reading about the way she handled her whanu (family) , the way she acts towards others, her positive attitude , the way she showed love towards others and finally because of the fact she never changed despite winning the lottery. I enjoyed reading It Use To Be Green Once because the mother had a strong relationship with her whanu (family) , but also with her community as well . For example when ever mum would go shopping she would not only buy her family’s groceries , but she would drive the street and people would call out there list of the food supply’s they needed. We will write a custom essay sample on It Use to Be Green Once or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mum would memorise it and so there shopping too. â€Å" A sac of spuds† one would call and mum would toot the horn to show that she understood. Secondly I enjoyed reading about the way mum treated others. The relationship she had with her community was a close and tight relationship. â€Å"Everybody knew mums car and knew to move to the side when they saw it come down the roadâ€Å". Mum let anyone in her car ,She would honk the horn and shout â€Å"your gonna have to run then jump in†. This was because her brakes weren’t working. This was enjoyable to read about as it told the reader what type of women she was. Thirdly I enjoyed reading about the mums positive attitude that she had with others. â€Å"When I was your age I use to go swimming in the nude†. Although Mum knew she wasn’t rich she still tried her best to keep the family positive , although the children were embarrassed by her actions and by what she made them wear. Mum tried to always have a positive attitude . Mums attitude to show her kids that money isn’t everything. Mums attitude towards her kids tell the reader that mum is the type who makes do of what she has and never lets materialistic things get to her. Fourthly I enjoyed reading about mum and the relationship she shared because of the love she showed others. When they had won the lottery mum would pick up other people who wanted to do their shopping to in her brand new car and take them with her. This painted a picture in the readers head that mum is a loving person and now that she has the money she is able to do more to show love towards her community. The relationship between mum and the community was a relationship valued by her community and herself. Finally, the fact that Mum never changed despite her family winning the lottery . Mum never changed so did dad†, although winning the lottery meant that they would be able to enhance their relationship with the community as they would be able to offer more. Mum not changing implied to the reader that she was true to who she was. The most important thing I have learnt from this short story , mainly the relationship mum had with everyone, was to stay true to who I am and that money and materialistic things are not important. The greatest message I took from this short story is that materialistic things do not change a person but the person that changes itself .

Bachelor of Nursing for Communities and Corresponding Groups

Question: Discuss about theBachelor of Nursing for Communities and Corresponding Groups. Answer: In broader terms nursing is referred to as a profession of noble virtues concerning the healthcare sector whereby professionally trained and qualified personnel pledges to take care of persons of diverse age groups, ethnicity, socio-economic backgrounds in conjunction with their families, communities and corresponding groups for the sake of facilitating good health and wellbeing. Ensuring promotion of good health alongside abatement of disease and illness is the primary objective of the nursing professionals who resort to relentless initiatives for rendering the most appropriate care for the ill, disabled or dying persons as the situation might have arose in liaison with the established codes of practices (Kearney-Nunnery, 2015). The nurses always try and bring forth the optimal outcomes for the patient and ensure holistic development of them through the avenue of advocacy and nursing education (Yi Keogh, 2016). The various concepts and pertinent foundational theory and documents wi ll be thoroughly discussed in course of the assignment. In matters related to the healthcare industry nursing has been reckoned as a crucial component, in which the designated healthcare professionals strive to achieve excellence in terms of providing the desirable helathcare4 facilities to the distressed patients so that health may be fostered and diseases or illness may be largely kept at bay. The nursing interventions are applicable to wide setting of patients who belong to diverse age and ethnic backgrounds. The definition proposed by International Council for Nurses, nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of persons belonging to diverse age and community within the healthcare set up. The principal concerns of the nursing professionals is streamlined to the facilitation of good health alongside prevention of illness apart from applying care services meant for the ill, disabled an dying people in an effort to harbor positive outcomes. Besides these necessities, the nurses are entitled to offer optimal care services throu gh promotion of a safe health environment conducive for health improvement of the sick individual. Advocacy for healthcare improvement through conducting extensive research and taking active part for chalking out of health policy through careful management of patient and health systems through empowerment by means of education is also carried forward by the nurses (Icn.ch, 2017). The basic requirements for becoming a nurse are only fulfilled when the aspirant enrolls for the nursing education course and successfully completes it. Further, top be eligible for practice in the respective nation, the course needs to be approved and affiliated under suitable regulatory authority. The foundation to basic nursing course and behavioral sciences is offered within the scope of the formally identified curriculum that has to be judiciously completed by the nursing enthusiast. Continuous learning is a defining feature of the nursing profession whereby persistent and relentless initiatives are us urped by the concerned nurses to achieve the optimal outcomes of providing quality care to the patients (Ironside, McNelis Ebright, 2014). Hence, I feel these healthcare professionals unlike any other healthcare personnel, due to their closer association with the patients act as the frontline workforce who serve the healthcare industry and are likely to acquire considerable experiences through varied situations and circumstances. Their contribution to the creation of a healthy environment, fitter lifestyle and healthier communities is indispensable that in turn indicate towards the promotion of sustainable future through approaches that are conducive. The acquisition of the desirable skills and working in conformity with the established guidelines according to me is of focal interest in nursing as it is directly associated with the outcomes of the patient. Explanation of the various phenomena concerning the healthcare domain is usually provided by virtue o several nursing theories that have been postulated by renowned theorist who endeavored to elucidate them in considerable details. The usability of these theories in real life settings have been referred to through empirical findings those talks in favor of their application to generate practices and positive outcomes that are in line with the patient conditions. The postulates of the nursing theories have stood the test of time and therefore are widely used in the context of diverse clinical settings to provide optimal care for the patients. Conventionally, the nursing metaparadigm is shrouded with four integral constituents that encompass person, health, environment and nursing. The common factor out of these components is found out to be that of patient and therefore more emphasis is laid on this. Many theories have come into force till now accompanied by relevant descriptions, def initions and explanations and stated by renowned theorist which paved the way for explaining the nursing practice under a rational and constructive framework (Fitzpatrick McCarthy, 2014). I make it a point not to refute any of the principles and values that circumscribe the vocation of nursing so that maximum comfort and valid outcomes for the patient may be elicited. Distinguished theorists have put forward certain pertinent theories that are capable of explaining the situations as applicable to the patient situation in a satisfactory way (Alligood, 2014). Out of the theories that are in vogue, I specifically rely more on the Orlandos Deliberative Nursing Process Theory as I find it to be befitting to any patient situation and therefore has the potential to drive positive responses. The theory shows significant support for the interaction among the nurse and the patient. Besides these emphasis is laid on proper applicability of the nursing processes through perception validation t hereby accounting for holistic improvement of the patient condition. The theory aims to discuss the interrelated concepts which include patients presenting behavior, professional nursing function, immediate reaction, deliberative nursing process and subsequently emancipation of the present condition. Both in professional as well as administrative discourse this theory is of paramount importance because of its clearly narrated proceedings, conciseness and applicability to diverse range of clinical setting. The mutual associations between the nurses and patients present opportunities for in depth analysis and probe into matter of patient through the prudent application of critical reflection (May, 2013). Therefore, I hold a very high esteem of this theory as in contemporary nursing, critical reflection is recognized as an essential characteristic to pursue clinical assessment of the patient in an appropriate manner. Conformance to the existing legislations and guidelines is a vital aspect of nursing as it ensures the provision of optimal healthcare facilities to the patients allaying the risk of harms that do not account for threat to their lives. Ethical decision making is yet another major focus area for nursing similar to any healthcare set up for safeguarding the interests of the patient by aligning to the specified set of duties and circumstances that are recognized as sufficient for harboring positive outcomes for the patient. The participation and opinions as exerted by the patients, their families and friends is vital to the decision making process as they are considered as integral and interrelated components of the healthcare system. Various situations might pose challenges to the nursing professionals in maintaining the autonomy of the patients without any risk of hazard and nurses must be proficient enough to carry out their assigned duties diligently under such situations. Safekeepi ng of the recorded data and maintaining their confidentiality is another vital feature that needs to be kept in mind so that no breach of conduct occurs from the nurses ends in abiding by the legal and ethical guidelines as presented by the concerned authority (Grace, 2017). Relevant to this context, I would like to acknowledge the code of ethics put forward by the New Zealand Nurse Organisation that might aid in exploring the details of the nursing practice within the given framework. The code include the composition of certain virtues and principles which encompass beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, confidentiality, justice, fidelity, veracity, guardianship of the near environment alongside its resources as well as being professional. As far as these principles is concerned, I feel Being Professional is the most significant out of them all as it is intimately associated with achieving desired level of professional competency. The demonstration of suitable actions, commitment and accountability by the nurses is vital to tackle the situation of the distressed patients in a satisfactory manner (Nzno.org.nz, 2017). The Nursing Council of New Zealand has taken measures to present certain well defined domains and competencies that the Registered Nurses and other nursing personnel are expected to follow to maintain the professional competency. In the scope of practice for the Registered Nurse, four domains of competencies have been recommended. Accomplishment of nursing competencies within the set domains is of significance as it ensures the safe practice for rendering healthcare service. The respective domains of 1, 2, 3 and 4 contribute to responsibility in the professional contexts, nursing care management, building of interpersonal relationships alongside improvement off quality and inter-professional healthcare. The needs of the clients are heeded to through assessment and management of service recipient care that relate to domain 2 competencies. Nursing knowledge and evidence-based care are vital to the accomplishment of the competencies related to Domain 2. Classification of Domain 2 into n ine other competencies include planned care for rendering optimal outcomes, conduct of prudent and comprehensive nursing evaluation for patients in diverse settings, safeguarding the interests of the patients by maintaining the confidentiality of data and providing most accurate, transparent and specific information about the potential effects of the interventions applied alongside through outcomes and offering of proposed treatment alternatives. It is also held crucial to maintain appropriate action in times of crisis at personal and professional level. Other competencies entrenched in this domain caters to the assessment of the patients progress alongside maintenance of desired level of service proficiency (Nursingcouncil.org.nz, 2017). Abidance and acting in line with these competencies is thus vital to the maintenance of quality, safe and effective modality of treatment intervention. Few historical incidents that took place in New Zealand have shaped the state of the nursing profession in the country. Treaty of Waitangi is one such happening that may be considered important and relevant in this context. An agreement was made between the representatives of the British Crown and M?ori inhabitants that agreed upon approving both the parties to live together in the domicile of New Zealand governed by a common set of laws. Principles that constitute the treaty has been deeply scrutinized and put under the radar of rigorous investigation to get an insight about its utilization in the context of modern times where considerable development for a sustainable future may be effectively achieved. According to the decision and agreement made in this treaty, strengthening of the vital aspects concerning partnership, participation and protection was ensured that in turn accounted for the coalition between the Government and M?ori inhabitants (Ludbrook, 2014). The principle of p rotection as per my opinion is of greater significance as it entitles the M?ori people to enjoy equal benefits in terms of healthcare facilities at par with other indigenous population of New Zealand thereby allaying the possibility of inequality in healthcare by equal opportunities for healthcare facilities through conduct of Governmental initiatives and programs. Moreover, the cultural practices and beliefs specific to the M?ori community are also safeguarded by means of this principle thereby ensuring facilitation and adoption of culturally safe healthcare facilities (Ministry of Health NZ, 2017). Thus, this principle has got significance in nursing profession as well for the purpose of rendering quality health opportunities to the people belonging to the specific community. Consideration of the various aspects of nursing, I am now able to articulate my opinion and perspective regarding the vocation. As per my opinion, I see nursing as a profession brewing with lots of challenges and opportunities that go hand in hand and offer the dynamism to the domain of practice unlike any other profession may sought. Critical reflection forms the governing component of nursing whereby the nurses apply prudent and pragmatic knowledge so that the patients may undergo speedy recovery without incurring any harm to their health. Evaluation of the patient situation and undertaking suitable interventions in line with the ethical and legal dictums as laid out by concerned authorities is usually achieved by these professionals. Further I believe that working in conformity with the codes of practice, established protocols and exhibition of competence towards the job is of paramount importance in nursing. References Alligood, M. R. (2014).Nursing theorists and their work. Elsevier Health Sciences. Fitzpatrick, J. J., McCarthy, G. (Eds.). (2014).Theories Guiding Nursing Research and Practice: Making Nursing Knowledge Development Explicit. Springer Publishing Company. Grace, P. J. (2017).Nursing ethics and professional responsibility in advanced practice. Jones Bartlett Learning. Icn.ch. (2017).Definition of Nursing.Icn.ch. Retrieved 22 August 2017, from https://www.icn.ch/who-we-are/icn-definition-of-nursing/ Ironside, P. M., McNelis, A. M., Ebright, P. (2014). Clinical education in nursing: Rethinking learning in practice settings.Nursing Outlook,62(3), 185-191. Kearney-Nunnery, R. (2015).Advancing Your Career Concepts in Professional Nursing. FA Davis. Ludbrook, J. (2014). The Principles of the Treaty of Waitangi: Their Nature, Their Limits and Their Future.Browser Download This Paper. May, B. A. (2013). Orlandos Nursing Process Theory in Nursing Practice.Nursing Theory-E-Book: Utilization Application, 285. Ministry of Health NZ. (2017).Treaty of Waitangi principles.Ministry of Health NZ. Retrieved 22 August 2017, from https://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/populations/maori-health/he-korowai-oranga/strengthening-he-korowai-oranga/treaty-waitangi-principles Nursingcouncil.org.nz. (2017).Registered nurse / Scopes of practice / Nurses / Home - Nursing Council of New Zealand.Nursingcouncil.org.nz. Retrieved 22 August 2017, from https://www.nursingcouncil.org.nz/Nurses/Scopes-of-practice/Registered-nurse Nzno.org.nz. (2017).Code of Ethics.Nzno.org.nz. Retrieved 22 August 2017, from https://www.nzno.org.nz/Portals/0/publications/Guideline%20-%20Code%20of%20Ethics%20(2010%202013).pdf Yi, M., Keogh, B. (2016). What motivates men to choose nursing as a profession? A systematic review of qualitative studies.Contemporary nurse,52(1), 95-105.

Shoplifting and Its Effect on Society free essay sample

Shoplifting affects not only me but my family as well. I feel embarrassed and worthless yet if I felt like that. â€Å"Why did I do it in the first place? † Because shoplifting is tempting, the shoplifter thinks they’re getting the product for free. But the truth is that someone has to pay for our mistake, thus price rises and the community has to pay. And some stores could even go bankrupt because of shoplifting. It is unfair to people who do not shoplift to pay for the mistakes that shoplifters make. People in the community who are not as wealthy as others have a harder time paying for their food and needs, and when they feel they can’t afford spending too much money at a certain retail store they will have to go to another destination to shop, causing a great inconvience to them and also the retail store will be losing money and might even close down in the future. We will write a custom essay sample on Shoplifting and Its Effect on Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We also suffer on a personal level, when an employee who realizes an item has been stolen from their store. They often feel violated, and when they feel violated it causes them to lose trust in others. So store employee follow potential merchants, watching their every move, making potential merchants uneasy and guilty when they are innocent. As there is no ‘look’ of a shoplifter, there is no way to identify whether a person is going to shoplift or not. And thus trust is lost between the merchant and the retailer. Resulting in an uncomfortable environment to shop in. Only about three percent of shoplifters are professionals. The rest of the shoplifters, shoplift as a response to experiencing stress in their personal lives. I myself am an immigrant from Singapore I just moved to Canada last year and a lot has happened since then. I survived being poor and unsatisfying for a year, so â€Å"why did I shoplift? † part of me believes that it is because I’m poor and I just wanted something, but part of me believes that it also because of what I’m going through a lot of stress and I feel depressed at times. Its like I need to fill up a hole in me. I thought shoplifting would make me feel better but the truth is you will lose all self-confidence in yourself. You become even more depressed and emotional you start to feel as if you don’t deserve a lot of things, or that others are better than you. Shoplifting has broken up many families and friends, the distrust and the disappointment they have when they look at you will consume you and soon you yourself will change. I was fortunate that my mother was very understanding and offered to help me out of my depression. She did admitted her disappointment in me but she told me I am still a good person. That made me realized that as a individual we belong to a community, and we make up what the community will become, each of us play a role to become someone bigger than themselves. When someone does well another will also want to do well. We could start by doing community work and volunteering at places that need our help. Helping others can without a doubt make you feel better about yourself, shoplifting will only make that empty feeling deeper as you start to feel guilty and worthless that others are better than you for not shoplifting. You’ll feel like the bad guy. Nowadays people not only shoplift, but steal and con others of their money this is because people who becomes thieves usually starts as shoplifters at a young age. Shoplifting when young can often lead to becoming thieves and robbers in the future. In fact ninety percent of convicts admitted that they have shoplifted before in their teenage years or younger. Statistics shows that there is an average of twenty-seven million shoplifters in the United States of America alone, which equates to one person in eleven, and only ten million have been caught within the past five years. Kids make up twenty-five percent of shoplifter; adults, seventy-five percent. People have been doing this for a long time because fifty-five percent of adults claim they began to shoplift as teenagers, and when asked, seventy-three percent of adults and seventy-two percent of juveniles do not plan to shoplift, it just an act of impulse. And also, an astonishing eighty-nine percent of kids say they know of other kids who shoplift and sixty-six percent say they associate with them. And only three percent of shoplifters are professionals, but they make up 10 percent of the item they sell. Some even after being caught in the act, fifty-seven percent of adults and thirty-three percent of juveniles say it is difficult to stop even after being caught. Habits are hard to break, shoplifting becomes an addiction and you try to stop but you just can’t. And when you reach that point statistics show that habitual shoplifters steal at least two times a week. So when I got caught on my first time I’m grateful for it, for without it I might have become addicted to shoplifting or worse wanted to make it my professional career. Shoplifting is illegal and is a punishable crime by law. It is not a small crime whether you stole fifty dollars worth of items or ten dollars worth of items. The crime is the same you have shoplifted from the store, and stolen something that doesn’t belong to you. For example, you can be arrested and paraded through a store in handcuffs, banned from stores or malls, and you may even end up with a criminal record. If you get a criminal record especially when you are young people will treat you like an ex-convict, it’ll be harder to get a job, get into college, or anything else that need a criminal background check. Which is mostly everything. Shoplifting can ruin your life but remember even without getting caught can shoplifting also ruin your life, as I have already stated that shoplifting affects you emotionally the same thing applies here you lose your self-respect and your respect for others. Small crime doesn’t mean no crime. Responsibilty for your family, friends and the people surrounding you, there are people that look up, like you’re their role model. I myself have siblings and I hope very much they don’t follow in my footsteps; I have never done anything that would cause people to lose their faith and respect in me. It is my responsibilty to set a good role model for my younger siblings. Also you as an individual have a responsibility as a civilent to be a good role model to the community. Never think that there is no one watching you, there is always someone watching and looking up to you in respect if you’ve done the right things. Respect is something you earn not given. By shoplifting you are openly disrespecting the community and although you may not notice now, but you are also disrespecting yourself. When you shoplift you are disrespecting the community by

Strategic Analysis A Case Study of Woolworths Ltd

Strategic Analysis A Case Study of Woolworths Ltd Executive Summary This report analyses in detail the overall environment in which Woolworth supermarket operates with a view of identifying particular areas where the management needs to put in measures that can enhance growth and performance. Woolworth is a retail chain established in both Australia and New Zealand and which mainly deals in foodstuffs.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Strategic Analysis: A Case Study of Woolworths Ltd specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The chain has further diversified its operations, venturing into other business areas like dealing in the petroleum industry and food restaurants within its premises. The chain has successfully established itself as a market leader in the retail industry, establishing stores in major cities in both Australia and the New Zealand. Woolworth’s market leadership was mainly achieved through provision of quality service to its clientele and listening t o customer pleas and demands and implementing them appropriately. This report evaluates the strong economic and political environments within which Woolworth operates. Other factors that contribute immensely to the growth and performance of the supermarket chains include its internal factors and capabilities such as its strong appeal to keep, attract and maintain customers, the market barriers controlled by the chains which keep new entrants at bay as well as the business diversification that ensures profit maximisation for the company. Introduction Woolworths Limited is a retail company based in Australia and whose operations spread across the borders to the neighbouring New Zealand. The retailer chain deals in a multiple of goods and services including food, liquor, hotel services, among many others. Since its formation in 1924, Woolworths has been a success story in the retail industry, expanding very fast to establish subsidiaries and acquiring other retail brands on its growth path. Today, the chain has a huge workforce of over 191,000 and boasts of A$2.14 billion in profits as per the latest figures recorded by close of business in 2011. (Chang, S Singh, H 2011,p.740). This paper analyses the company’s business strategy, investigating its macro environment as well as checking its competitive environment and analysing its competencies as far as resources are concerned.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Background information Woolworths Ltd is a public owned company with its shareholders base exceeding 420,000 people, 40,000 of whom are directly employed by the company (Woolworths Supermarkets 2011). The first Woolworths store was opened in downtown Sydney on December 5th, 1924 with a nominal capital of just  £25,000. The company’s initial 11,707 shares were held by 29 people, five of whom were the founders. Woolworths pio neered the conduction of transactions using cash registers; every purchase was accompanied by a receipted printed via the cash register. The stores opened up the first international branch in New Zealand in 1929 which dealt in general merchandise. As part of its expansion program, the chains acquired Foodland supermarkets and Progressive Enterprises, bringing the total number of Woolworths’ stores in Australia today to 750. Woolworths brand has today diversified its business into 5 major divisions which includes supermarkets that mainly stocks households and foodstuffs. The liquor division sells alcohol products through Safeway Liquor, BWS which stands for Beer Wine Spirits, Dan Murphy’s, Woolworth’s liquor and Cellarmasters. The hotel division is served by ALH Group while the supermarket chains also ventured into the petroleum industry through a partnership deal with Caltex. Other divisions include the consumer electronics, General merchandise and Home improvem ent (Woolworths Supermarkets 2011). Macro Environment Analysis for the Industry The macro environment analysis studies external forces whose influence in one way or the other affects the performance of the retail industry in general and Woolworth supermarkets in particular. Players in any business industry often lack the ability to control these external forces. Political environment The closer economic relations between Australia and New Zealand have benefited Woolworth business performance for a long time. The two countries have established Australia-New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement, ANZCERTA, which combines the two economies and thus provides Woolworth with the chance to operate in the enlarged economy (Woolworths Supermarkets 2011).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Strategic Analysis: A Case Study of Woolworths Ltd specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The two countries also enjoy political stabi lity which is a perfect environment for doing business. This is a good assurance for shareholders, both domestic and foreign, that their investment is safe and it is an incentive to them to add even more. The 2011 IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook ranked Australia and New Zealand in positions 3 and 5 respectively, which is a good indicator that both economies offer a perfect environment for business activity. With continued political stability, Woolworth is poised to grow and expand even more as many investors are assured of safety in the event that they decide to put their money into the venture. There are no fears of political wars and uprisings that can affect the company’s business performance Economic factors Australia and New Zealand offer economically sound environment that is good for business activity. The two countries, in comparison to other nations, have a high living standard. The World Bank acknowledged Australia as a rich country in 1995 while the country†™s GDP hit the $ 1 trillion mark in 2006. The economy’s growth has been rated at 3.3% per annum with one of the highest Purchasing Power Parity, PPP in the world. In 2004, Australia’s PPP was recorded at $30,700. The country has very low inflation and interest rates with one of the best infrastructures in the world. Its education facilities are of advanced quality while a majority of the population are rich. The World Health Organization certifies Australia’s crime rates to be among the lowest in the whole world. New Zealand has an estimated Purchasing Power Parity PPP of US$28,250 which is relatively high. The economy is made up of manufacturing industries as well as a vibrant service sector which together compliment the agricultural sector. The country’s nominal GDP is the 51st in the world at $157.877 with a per capita income of $35,374 (Wright, P.1987, p.93).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More New Zealand’s economy has been on the rise since 1984 following rapid restructuring that transformed the economy to a liberalised one. Unemployment has fallen to a record 3.4 percent in 2007 which was the fifth lowest in OECD nations. The global recession of 2009, however, affected the country’s economy negatively mainly because the country highly depends on international trend. The financial crunch pushed unemployment rates among the youth to very high figures of 17.4% in June 2011. Australia’s stable economy with the high living standards of her population portends a lucrative market for Woolworth’s business performance. More nationals have a high purchasing power due to the country’s high per capita income and very low unemployment levels. Foreign nationals who visit the country in large numbers also create a huge chunk of the market as they experiment with the unique goods and services offered in Australia. New Zealand is on the recovery path o f her economy following bad economic times between 2008 and 2011. With the recovery plans on course, the country has been experiencing a brain gain as more professionals who had opted to seek better employment in Europe and America troop back. This implies that the country’s living standards are set to improve in the short term period as the problem of unemployment is tackled. New Zealand’s Purchasing Power Parity is also comparatively high and an improved living standard for the entire population will prove substantial for the overall performance of Woolworth. Socio-cultural factors Woolworth has adopted a green lifestyle in its 2007-2015 sustainability strategy. This implies that the company is more aware of practices that harm the environment and has thus adopted environmental friendly practices for the good of its consumers and the society at large. More consumers are conscious of their environment and would love to purchase and patronize items and goods that are o rganic. Woolworth further addresses individual needs of its customers by providing efficient and fast services. The environmental awareness that is carried out by the supermarket chains continues to attract more clients as everyone today would love to be associated with clean environment. Technological factors Woolworth continues to invest heavily in information communication technology as it aims at improving service delivery and customer satisfaction. The self-checkout machine is as a result of the company’s initiative and has continued to be emulated by other players in the industry due to its convenience in business performance (Woolworths Supermarkets 2011). The machines were introduced in 2008 and enable customers to scan, weigh, as well as pay for their acquired goods through debit, credit or cash cards. The Service Oriented Architecture is yet another technological initiative by Woolworth which enables the supermarket management to monitor general trends in performanc e at a glance and spot out any existing bottlenecks that could be slowing down business. The speed with which this happens helps the management to put corrective measures into place that eventually averts losses or negative growth. The Visa payWave which is the latest innovation by the stores has helped in reducing average customer waiting time. The frequency at which the checkout queues are being cleared is much faster than was the case in advance. These technological advances have attracted more customers to the stores due to the improved efficiency with which clients are being attended to. No customer would love to spend longer times at the check out point than the actual time they spent doing their shopping (Tyre Hauptman, 1992). Legal factors Big W is a division of Woolworth and is a registered business entity that is licensed to operating Australia with more than 160 stores spread in Queensland, West Australia, South Australia, New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, N orthern Territory, and Tasmania. The company remits taxes to both governments as a legal requirement and the funds go a long way to finance activities of the government such as building and improving infrastructure, financing public goods paying salaries and buying necessities such as medicines. As a legal requirement, the company is expected by the regulatory authorities to be tax compliant (Peng 2004). The taxes are remitted directly to the government. In the Australian laws on commerce, certificate of compliance to taxes is issued to business that remit their returns accurately form which taxes are deducted. The realisation by customers that Big W contributes immensely in the growth of their economy convinces as many consumers as possible to purchase from their local store and contribute towards building the economy (BIG W: Why shop at BIG W 2007). Industry Analysis using Porter’s 5 Forces Model Threat to market entry It is difficult for any aspiring supermarket chain to e nter into the industry in Australia and New Zealand markets and manage to break even easily. In Australia, Big W business magnitude together with that of its main competitors, Wesfarmers, Target, and Kmart stores are well established and would easily enjoy economies of scale to the disadvantage of a new entrant. The stores have spread across the nation, opening numerous branches in all major cities and centres and it would require massive capital for an aspiring investor to out perform their business prowess. Besides, it serves an estimated 6 million customers in a month (BIG W: Why shop at BIG W 2007). Given it huge stores, reliable customer base, and a stable market niche, Big W have the capacity to stock a lot of goods at a reduced cost. This eventually affords its stores the power to lower prices below what the market can offer and in the process win more customers than a new entrant could manage (Desarbo, Jedidi Sinha, 2001). Thus, the company is well position to survive in th e competitive market through gaining form economies of scale, competitive price tags, and strong customer base. Threat of substitutes Wesfarmers and Target chains pose the greatest threat to Big W’s existence and business performance. These stores have been in the industry for longer period and are well established than Big W which came into full operation in 2007 after rebranding (Roth 2011). They stock the same products and cloth lines and sometimes offer big discounts to customers. In this industry, loyalty to a brand plays an important role in customer behaviour. Besides, these companies also offer foodstuffs and electronics same as in Big W. Therefore, Target and Wesfarmers have the ability to offer an alternative perfect substitute to customers who may be unsatisfied with services offered at Big W. Unsatisfied customers therefore have other alternatives from where they can purchase products and services (Bodily Allen, 1999). However, in order to remain relevant, the co mpany has established a unique market for its customer tailored optometry services and are still the best in the self serve stores. Power of suppliers Suppliers in the supermarket industry have more power owing to the existence of many supermarket chains. As a matter of fact, suppliers may instigate market demand and supply variances. All the chains depend on the suppliers directly for the delivery of their stock and this leaves the suppliers with the power to dictate on proceedings in the industry. Through the action of the suppliers, commodity prices can be influenced to their own advantage while leaving the Big W together with its clientele base at a disadvantaged position (Cusumano Takeishi, 1991). However, the company has endeavoured to use both in house and outsourced supplier as a strategy for balancing the supply forces in the fragile market (Roth 2011). Power of buyers Reflectively, the amount of output in terms of turn over sales depends on the buyers’ purchasing p ower. The higher the purchasing power, the better the turnover in total sales realised over a definite period of time. Big W’s performance in the retail industry depends highly on the power of the buyers. On the other hand, unreliable and weak purchasing power translates into losses and underperformance. The management must therefore do everything within their means to ensure that service delivery and quality meets the expectations of customers. In fact, the purchasing power determines profitability and probability of survival of a business in short and long term. If buyers will feel dissatisfied because of poor service, they can easily opt to acquire the same goods and services from rival stores thus loosing out on business opportunities (Ehrenberg, 1964). Rivalry There are several retail stores operating in the same industry with virtually of them dealing in a variety of products and services. For instance Target stores provide the biggest competition to Big W due to its bi g market share and expanded network standing at 30% (BIG W: Why shop at BIG W 2007). Other chains that have substantial market share include Wesfarmers and Kmart Supermarkets, Jewel Food Stores. With many customers looking for good value for their money, quality in service delivery has remained the main basis upon which customers are making their final decision to buy. All the players in the industry are putting measures in place to ensure they attract more customers and therefore expand their market share. Therefore, the size, in terms of space occupied by business premises, defines the temperature of competition. In line with this, in 2009, Big W Company launched the largest store in Australia measuring 10,000m2 and a $300 million invested in stocks on the same (Roth, 2011, p. 200). As analysed above, Big W Company has embraced the significance of Porter’s approach to market forces in a business environment. As discussed, Big W Company has been in a position to swing these forces and manipulate them to their advantage through offering competitive prices, expansion, diversification, and cutting a market niche. However, any slow reaction to addressing these factors can cause business suffering leading to huge losses and reduced market share (Chang Singh, 2000). Big W’s Competitive Advantage Expanded business portfolio Although Big W has been a household name in the general retail stores industry, the chain has an expanded business portfolio which includes investments in photo processing, self serve check point introduction, parcel pick up, lay-by, and home delivery (BIG W: Why shop at BIG W 2007). The expanded portfolio provides the business with competitive advantage in the sense that it can still maintain profitable performance even in instances where the retail store business experiences poor performance. Through diversification and portfolio balance, the company is in a position to survive turbulence in the harsh economic environment charact erised by stiff competition and inflation (Michael, 2000). Big W’s Business Strategy Cost Leadership Strategy Cost leadership strategy is vital in business management especially in an industry with stiff competition. Reflectively, the concept, as proposed by Porter, is a mean of establishing a sustainable competitive advantage over other player in the industry. Big W Company has adopted the cost leadership strategy to improve its efficiency through streamlining operations. As a result, this venture has developed a cumulative experience, optimal performance, quality assurance, and is in full control of their operational chains. In order to cut down cost of production and marketing, the company has embraced the modern technology in its online sales, human resource management, purchasing, and dispatch departments (BIG W: Why shop at BIG W 2007). The company has entered into a partnership with outsourced but competent suppliers rather than engaging its resources in obtaining prod ucts. As a result, the general over head cost of operation has been reduced substantially. In addition, the company has opted for diversification and expansion of stores in order to gain from economies of scale as the overall turnover grows. Through adoption of scientific human resource management, the company has been in a position to track redundancy and monitor employee performance and evaluations done on the basis of contract. As a result, issues of underperformance has been minimised substantially. At present, this chain produces the best quality packaging of its product at the cheapest price possible since production is done in mass. In addition, the company has introduced a series of efficiency monitoring systems such as performance valuation, efficiency in production, target management, and electronic purchasing which has greatly reduced labour cost. These ventures aim at enabling the company to optimise profits through efficiency in production, sales, accountability, and us e of company resources while maintaining quality (Hambrick, 1983). Benefits and Suitability of the Cost Leadership Strategy Efficiency monitoring in distribution, sales, cash flow management, labour, and diversification as employed by Big W is particularly suitable for the firm as it is more of a precautionary measure that shields the firm from effects of redundancy and underutilization of production variables. Despite rivalry in the retail industry, Big W has been in a position to monitor all its operation chains and periodically evaluate the same as a means of reducing overhead cost due to underutilization, poor balancing, and unaccountability. As a result, Big W has managed to transform its portfolio and capital structure by 18% since most of operation lines is optimally utilized (BIG W: Why shop at BIG W 2007). Conclusion Conclusively, it is apparent that Big W is a force in the retail store industry in Australia. Reflectively, the company has successfully managed to establish o ver 160 stores across Australia. Besides, the chain has remodelled its cost leadership to embrace efficiency in operations through incorporation of technology, monitoring tools, and evaluation systems. As a result, despite stiff competition, the chain offers competitive prices and substantial discounts since they maximize gains from economies of scale due to large turnover per annum. In 2011, its operating income stabilized at $177 million. Incorporation of the Porters market forces in the management of this successful chain is directly linked to its consistency, profitability, and efficiency. List of References BIG W: Why shop at BIG W 2007. Web. Bodily, SE Allen, MS 1999, A dialogue process for choosing value-creating strategies, Interfaces, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 16-28. Chang, S Singh, H 2000, Corporate and industry effects on business unit competitive position, Strategic Management Journal, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 739-752 Cusumano, MA Takeishi, A 1991, Supplier relations and managem ent: A survey of Japanese, Japanese-Transplant, and US Auto plants, Strategic Management Journal, vol. 12, no. 8, pp. 563-588. Desarbo, W S, Jedidi, K Sinha, I 2001, Customer value analysis in a heterogeneous market, Srategic management Journal, vol. 22, no. 9, pp. 845-857 Ehrenberg, ASC 1964, Estimating the proportion of loyal buyers, Journal of Marketing Research, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 56-59. Hambrick, DC 1983, High profit strategies in mature capital goods industries: A contingency approach, The Academy of Management Journal, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 687-707. Michael, SC 2000, Investments to create bargaining power: The case of franchising, Strategic Management Journal, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 497-514. Peng, MW 2004, Identifying the big question in international business research, Journal of International Business Studies, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 99-108. Roth, M 2011, Top Stocks 2012: A Share-buyer’s Guide to Leading Australian Companies, John Wiley and Sons, New York. Tyre, M J Hauptma n, O 1992, Effectiveness of organizational responses to technological change in the production process, Organization Science, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 301-320. Woolworths Supermarkets 2011, Woolworths. Web. Wright, P 1987, A refinement of Porter’s strategies, Strategic Management Journal, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 93-101

M1903 Springfield Rifle - World War I

M1903 Springfield Rifle - World War I The M1903 Springfield rifle was the primary rifle used by the United States Army and Marine Corps during the first several decades of the 20th century. Officially designated United States Rifle, Caliber .30-06, Model 1903, it was a bolt-action rifle that utilized a five-round magazine. The M1903 was used by the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I and was retained after the conflict. It was not replaced as the standard American infantry rifle until the introduction of the M1 Garand in 1936. Despite this change, the M1903 was still in use during the early campaigns of World War II. In the years after the war, only the M1903A4 sniper rifle variant remained in the inventory. That last of these were retired during the early years of the Vietnam War. Background Following the Spanish-American War, the U.S. Army began seeking a replacement for its standard Krag-JÃ ¸rgensen rifles. Adopted in 1892, the Krag had shown several weaknesses during the conflict. Among these was a lower muzzle velocity than the Mausers employed by Spanish troops as well as a difficult to load magazine which required the insertion of one round at time. In 1899, attempts were made to improve the Krag with the introduction of a high-velocity cartridge. These proved unsuccessful as the rifles single locking lug on the bolt proved incapable of handling the increased chamber pressure. Development Design Over the next year, engineers at the Springfield Armory began developing designs for a new rifle. Though the U.S. Army had examined the Mauser in the early 1890s prior to selecting the Krag, they returned to the German weapon for inspiration. Later Mauser rifles, including the Mauser 93 used by the Spanish, possessed a magazine fed by a stripper clip and a greater muzzle velocity than its predecessors. Combining elements from the Krag and the Mauser, Springfield produced its first operational prototype in 1901. Soldier with M1903 Springfield. U.S. Army Center for Military History Believing they had achieved their goal, Springfield began tooling its assembly line for the new model. Much to their dismay, the prototype, designated M1901, was declined by the U.S. Army. Over the next two years, the U.S. Army laid out a variety of changes which were incorporated into the M1901s design. In 1903, Springfield presented the new M1903, which was accepted into service. Though the M1903 was a composite consisting of the best elements from several prior weapons, it remained similar enough to the Mauser that the U.S. Government was forced to pay royalties to Mauserwerke. M1903 Springfield Cartridge: .30-03 .30-06 SpringfieldCapacity: 5 round stripper clipMuzzle Velocity: 2,800 ft./sec.Effective Range: 2,500 yds.Weight: approx. 8.7 lbs.Length: 44.9 in.Barrel Length: 24 in.Sights: Leaf rear sight, barleycorn-type front sightAction: Bolt-action Introduction The M1903 was officially adopted on June 19, 1903 under the official designation of United States Rifle, Caliber .30-06, Model 1903. Moving into production, Springfield built 80,000 of the M1903 by 1905, and the new rifle slowly began to replace the Krag. Minor changes were made in the early years, with a new sight added in 1904, and a new knife-style bayonet in 1905. As these alterations were implemented, two major changes were introduced. The first was a shift to pointed, spitzer ammunition in 1906. This led to the introduction of the .30-06 cartridge that would become standard for American rifles. The second change was a shortening of the barrel to 24 inches. World War I During testing, Springfield found that the M1903s design was equally effective with a shorter, cavalry-style barrel. As this weapon was lighter and more easily wielded, it was ordered for the infantry as well. By the time the US entered World War I in April 1917, 843,239 M1903s had been produced at Springfield and the Rock Island Arsenal. Equipping the American Expeditionary Forces, the M1903 proved lethal and efficient against the Germans in France. During the war, the M1903 Mk. I was produced which allowed for the fitting of a Pedersen device. Developed in an effort to increase the M1903s volume of fire during assaults, the Pedersen device allowed the rifle to fire .30 caliber pistol ammunition semi-automatically. World War II After the war, the M1903 remained the standard American infantry rifle until the introduction of the M1 Garand in 1937. Much beloved by American soldiers, many were reluctant to switch to the new rifle. With the entry of the US into World War II in 1941, many units, both in the U.S. Army and Marine Corps, had not completed their transition to the Garand. As a result, several formations deployed for action still carrying the M1903. The rifle saw action in North Africa and Italy, as well as in the early fighting in the Pacific. A GI with the 36th Infantry Division cleans his M1903 Springfield, equipped with sniper scope. Public Domain The weapon was famously used by the U.S. Marines during the Battle of Guadalcanal. Though the M1 replaced the M1903 in most units by 1943, the older rifle continued to be used in specialized roles. Variants of the M1903 saw extended service with the Rangers, Military Police, as well as with Free French forces. The M1903A4 saw extensive use as a sniper rifle during the conflict. M1903s produced during World War II were often made by Remington Arms and the Smith-Corona Typewriter Company. Later Use Though it was reduced to a secondary role, the M1903 continued to be produced during World War II by Remington Arms and Smith-Corona Typewriter. Many of these were designated M1903A3 as Remington requested several design changes to improve performance and simplify the manufacturing process. With the conclusion of World War II, most M1903s were retired from service, with only the M1903A4 sniper rifle being retained. Many of these were replaced during the Korean War, however the U.S. Marine Corps continued to use some until the early days of the Vietnam War.

Starting an Innovative Architectural Firm Essay

Starting an Innovative Architectural Firm - Essay Example On the hand, organizations with low or nil innovation orientation are normally associated with negative performance attributes, such as low quality of services, high wastages, constant complaints, grievances and conflicts with key stakeholders, low productivity, high redundancies, poor turnover, low flexibility and generally poor reactions from the key stakeholders (Koontz, 2009). In spite of the significance of innovation, founding an innovative architectural firm is not an easy process. It requires the understanding of a variety of environments, the application of best business practices and the adoption of current organizational development and management techniques, among other key issues. Adoption of current technological devices remains the key to the successful founding of an innovative firm. The computerized information technology with its related products in the forms of information systems, connectivity and telecommunications, the data base management syndrome, the artifici al intelligence domain and effective security to information and other related products have shown tremendous success in the management of innovation. The computer technology works to capture, process, store and disseminate information in a more accurate, economical and simple manner. Additionally the organization has the potential to meet both far away and immediate stakeholders through the various telecommunication systems. Closely associated with the telecommunications is the nature of information processing and dissemination. Since innovation requires quick and accurate information flows, the application of the online system of information processing, as opposed to the all batch processing, has clearly worked to increased innovation in the many other fields. This ensures effective and faster flow of ideas, communication and information that will increase an organization’s ability to innovate. In this respect through such products like electronic calendaring, artificial in telligence, electronic meetings and electronic mail, the application of computer based information systems has greatly assisted in the innovation. Thus, based on the aids of the current computers and related technologies the foundations of innovative architectural firms have been achieved with great success. Starting an innovative architectural firm also requires high levels of knowledge, abilities and capacities, as well as the right attitudes and skills. The acquisition of these variables is undertaken through sustainable training and development efforts. Training and development equips the participants with the above variables required to operate the venture. In this respect, an innovative architectural firm needs to establish training and development programs that are both comprehensive and flexible. This provides the participant with the needed innovation and related skills, attitude, knowledge and abilities. Senge advocates for the learning organization concept as a means of i nstituting innovative firms. His model of training and development denotes an organization that is constantly training and developing its resources while at the same time, being involved in serious analysis of its training and development programs. This analysis reflects the current and future needs of the firm with the ultimate objective of developing a strategic perspective. The learning organizations concept is synonymous with high levels of organizational flexibility,

Roles of a Registered Nurse in the Emergency Room Research Paper

Roles of a Registered Nurse in the Emergency Room - Research Paper Example This research paper focuses on describing the profession and everyday duties of registered nurses, also known as (RN), that are the majority of the employees in the industry of health. They are often responsible for assigning tasks to other nurses, nursing assistants and licensed practitioners. The phrase registered is used for a reason, the researcher explaines, and this is because they are specialized and have more knowledge on a certain area in the hospital environment. Normally, there is a registered nurse for each section of the healthcare like oncology, neonatal and in the emergency room. This research paper discusses their duties and roles while in the emergency room. In conclusion, the researcher states that most registered nurses work as staff nurses, who are members of a medical team that provide critical health care. Nevertheless, some of the registered nurses opt to advance to practice nurses, who work together with other physicians or independently. They may also focus o n the stipulation of primary care services. They provide direct care for patients, and expert consultation services in the various specialties of nursing like psychiatric, mental health. Those who specialized in anesthetists, offer anesthesia and correlated care either before or after surgical or obstetrical and diagnostic procedures. They also offer emergency and pain management services like airway management. Nonetheless, there is an assortment of other areas that nurse could choose to specialize and get registered.